Annai Meenambal Sivaraj, key Dalit woman leader in the anti-Hindi agitation

Tamil Nadu By Stalin Rajangam November 30, 2022 Read the article

Identity politics on a linguistic basis, which became prominent in the 20th century, is an influential ideology even today.

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The 1938-39 anti-Hindi agitation in Tamil Nadu unified various social groups and their activities.

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Dalit activists with various ideological positions operated from northern Tamil Nadu.

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Annai Meenambal and her husband N Sivaraj served in the Adi-Dravida Association and the All India Scheduled Castes Federation started by BR Ambedkar.

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When the anti-Hindi agitation moved from scholars and intellectuals to the masses, it was Meenambal who took charge in Chennai.

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Differing from the Self-Respect Movement, Meenambal felt that Dravidians might like to be subservient to Aryans but would not unite with Adi-Dravidas.

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The weakened anti-Hindi agitation revived its momentum only when personalities like Meenambal returned to it after November 1938.

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The Adi-Dravidas of Tamil Nadu raised slogans such as “Down down Brahmin raj, down down Hindi”.

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The number of people (including women and children) arrested during the agitation between 3 June 1938 and 21 February 1940 was 1,271.

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Of these, except the leaders, most of the volunteers were Dalits and belonged to erstwhile Madras.

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Sakthidasan, a contemporary Dalit personality, reminisces, “My father [told me Meenambal] was like a mother to us.”

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